介绍
是互联网领域里一款极重要的、且深受广大用户欢迎的开源关系型数据库软件之一，由瑞典MySQLAB公司开发与维护。2006年，MySQLAB公司被SUN公司收购，2008年，SUN公司被传统数据库领域大佬甲骨文（oracle）公司收购，因此，MySQL数据库目前属于Oracle公司，成为传统数据库领域老大的又一个重量级数数据库产品，自甲骨文公司收购MySQL后，使得自身在商业数据库与开源数据库领域市场占有份额都跃居第一的位置，这样的格局，引起了业内很多的人士的担忧，这种担忧直接诶导致后来的MySQL分支数据库MariaDB的诞生与发展。
前面已经介绍过，MySQL属于传统关系型数据库产品，它的开放式的架构使得用户选择性很强，同时社区开发与维护人数众多，其功能稳定，性能卓越，且在遵守GPL协议的前提下，可以免费使用与修改，也为MySQL的推广与使用带来了更多的利好。在MySQL成长与发展过程中，支持的功能逐渐增多，性能也在不断提高，对平台的支持也越来越多。
MySQL是一种关系型数据库管理系统，关系型数据库的特点是将数据保存在不同的表中，在将这些表放入不同的数据库中，而不是将所有数据统一放在一个大仓库里，这样的设计增加了MySQL的读取速度，灵活性可管理性也得到了很大提高。访问以及管理MySQL数据库的最常用标准化语言为SQL结构化查询语言。
安装
1.下载
cd /usr/local/src curl -O http://download.jifucha.net/mysql/mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2.解压移动
tar -zxf mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mv mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
3.创建mysql用户和授权
groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
4.创建配置文件(可以省略)
cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf-bat sed -i 's#/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock#/tmp/mysql.sock#g' /etc/my.cnf
5.创建配置文件中的目录
cd /data/ mkdir -p mysql cd mysql/ mkdir -p data log-bin log-error logs log-slow mysql-pid tmp cd data/ cd ../.. chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/
6.初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db
7.复制启动文件和启动登录
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod u+x /etc/init.d/mysqld service mysqld start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
F&Q
在初始化数据库的时候报错
Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决办法
yum install libaio -y
线上使用的my.conf
#my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] #prompt="\\u@\\h:\p \\R:\\m:\\s [\\d]>" #tee=/mysql/data/query.log default-character-set=utf8 no-auto-rehash [mysqld] #misc user = mysql basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /mysql/data port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock event_scheduler = 0 #tmp tmpdir=/mysql/tmp #timeout interactive_timeout = 300 wait_timeout = 300 performance_schema = 0 #character set character-set-server = utf8 open_files_limit = 65535 max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 100000 lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve = 1 #logs log-output=file slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /mysql/log-slow/slow.log log-error = /mysql/log-error/error.log log_warnings = 2 pid-file = /mysql/mysql-pid/mysql-pid long_query_time = 1 #log-slow-admin-statements = 1 #log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1 log-slow-slave-statements = 1 slave-skip-errors=1032 #binlog binlog_format = row server-id = 10019 log-bin = /mysql/log-bin/mysql-bin binlog_cache_size = 16M max_binlog_size = 500M max_binlog_cache_size = 2G sync_binlog = 0 expire_logs_days = 6 #gtid gtid_mode=on enforce_gtid_consistency=1 binlog_gtid_simple_recovery=1 #binlog-do-db = stat #binlog-do-db = misc #binlog-ignore-db = mysql #relay log skip_slave_start = 1 max_relay_log_size = 1G relay_log_purge = 1 relay_log_recovery = 1 log_slave_updates #slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1 #buffers & cache table_open_cache = 2048 table_definition_cache = 2048 table_open_cache = 2048 max_heap_table_size = 512M sort_buffer_size = 64M join_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 256 query_cache_size = 256M query_cache_type = 1 query_cache_limit = 4M query_cache_min_res_unit = 512 thread_stack = 192K tmp_table_size = 256M key_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer_size = 64M read_rnd_buffer_size = 64M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M #myisam myisam_sort_buffer_size = 512M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 #innodb innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 128M innodb_log_file_size = 200M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_rollback_on_timeout innodb_status_file = 1 innodb_io_capacity = 2000 transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT [mysqld_safe] #malloc-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so nice=-19 open-files-limit=65535 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 512M [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 256M sort_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer = 8M write_buffer = 8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout
